What does "innocuous" most nearly mean?

The term "innocuous" is most closely associated with the idea of being harmless or not likely to cause any adverse effects. In various contexts, whether discussing substances, behaviors, or comments, something described as innocuous is generally safe and poses no danger or threat to individuals or situations. For instance, a benign comment that doesn't offend anyone can be seen as innocuous.

In contrast, the other terms do not align with this meaning. "Commencement" refers to a beginning or start, which is unrelated to the harmfulness of an action or thing. "Alluring" suggests something that attracts or tempts, often implying a level of seduction, which doesn't fit with the notion of being harmless. "Commonplace" indicates something that is ordinary or usual, failing to capture the essence of being harmless. Therefore, the meaning of "innocuous" is best matched with the concept of being harmless.